The National Green Tribunal (NGT) is a specialized court that deals with environmental matters in India. It was established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, and has been functioning since then as a principal body for resolving environmental disputes. In this article, we will discuss the NGT and its role in protecting the environment.
Introduction: The NGT is a quasi-judicial body that hears and adjudicates environmental matters. It was established to provide a specialized forum for environmental disputes and to expedite the resolution of such disputes.
Jurisdiction: The NGT has jurisdiction over matters related to the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, and other laws related to the environment. It can hear matters related to pollution, conservation of biodiversity, forests, and other environmental matters.
Composition: The NGT consists of both judicial and technical members. The judicial members are retired judges of the High Courts, while the technical members are experts in the fields of environment, law, and science.
Procedures: The NGT follows the principles of natural justice and adopts a quasi-judicial approach in hearing and adjudicating disputes. It follows the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure and the principles of evidence while conducting hearings. The proceedings are conducted in an open court, and parties are given an opportunity to present their cases.
Remedies: The NGT has the power to pass orders and judgments in matters related to the environment. It can order the closure of industries that are causing pollution, impose penalties on polluters, and order the restoration of damaged environments, among other things.
Appeal: The orders passed by the NGT can be appealed before the Supreme Court of India. However, the appeal must be filed within a period of 90 days from the date of the NGT’s order.
In conclusion, the NGT is a specialized court that has been established to provide a specialized forum for environmental disputes. It plays a vital role in protecting the environment and provides an efficient and effective mechanism for resolving disputes related to environmental matters. The NGT’s efforts towards environmental protection are essential for the sustainable development of the country, and it is a significant step towards the preservation of our planet.
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